Textile people must see, about moisture wicking fiber knowledge

Research Progress of 1. Wet Conductive Fast Drying Fiber
 
The research and development of moisture-conductive and quick-drying fibers are mainly realized through physical modification and chemical modification. Physical modification refers to spinning special-shaped fibers with grooves on the surface by changing the shape of the micropores of the spinneret. Using the capillary principle, the fibers can quickly transport water, diffuse and volatilize, quickly remove moisture and sweat from the skin surface, and discharge them to the outer layer for evaporation; or the use of hydrophilic groups (hydroxyl, amide, carboxyl, amino, etc.) containing polymers for blending spinning, composite spinning method, the production of wet fast-drying properties of the fiber, chemical modification is through the method of graft copolymerization, in the macromolecular structure of the introduction of hydrophilic groups, thereby increasing the moisture absorption of the fiber quick-drying properties.
 
1. Physical modification
 
Physical modification includes three methods: changing the shape of the spinneret hole, raw material blending spinning and bicomponent composite spinning ·
 
(1) change the spinneret hole shape
 
DuPont developed high-moisture-conducting four-grooved polyester Coolmax filaments; Toyo Spinning developed Y-section polyester "Triacotr" with three moisture-conducting grooves formed on the surface of the fibers; Far East Textile developed Topcool moisture-conducting and quick-drying fibers; Guangdong Pearl River Gold Spinning Group developed moisture-conducting and dry-type polyester filaments by changing the cross-sectional shape of the fibers; jiangsu Yizheng Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd. produced Coolbest fiber through the design of fiber "H" cross-sectional shape; Taiwan Zhongxing Textile Co., Ltd. produced Y-shaped and cross-shaped cross-section "Coolplus" Taiwan Hero Co., Ltd. developed W-shaped Technofine fiber; Donghua Haitian Co., Ltd. produced coolDry fiber; Shunde Jinfang Group cooperated with Donghua University to develop Coolnice moisture-conducting polyester fiber with "'-shaped cross-section shape.
 
(3) Two-component composite spinning
 
Polyester and other hydrophilic polymers were combined with twin-screw spinning, and a new type of moisture-wicking fiber with special-shaped cross-section in the form of sheath-core composite was studied to improve its water absorption and appearance. The hydrophilic material was used as the core layer, the regular polyester was used as the skin layer, and the two components played the role of hydrophilic moisture absorption and moisture conduction respectively. The new type of high moisture absorption and release fiber HYGRA developed by Japan's Unichka Company is a composite fiber with a skin-core structure. The skin of the fiber is regular nylon, which has a smooth feeling when wet and has superior moisture absorption and release capacity than cotton fiber. The sophista fiber developed by the composite spinning method of the Japanese company, the surface layer is EVOH with hydrophilic groups (one OH), and the core layer is polyester.
 
2. Chemical modification
 
Through the graft copolymerization method, hydrophilic groups are introduced into the macromolecular structure to increase the moisture absorption and perspiration function of the fiber. In general, a carboxyl group, an amide group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, or the like is introduced to increase the affinity for water. At the same time of raw material modification, there should be an appropriate spinning process, so that the fiber has a porous structure and a larger specific surface area.
 
The breathable polyester fabric "Ekslive" developed by Toyo Spinning in Japan obtains the function of moisture absorption and perspiration by blending and spinning polyacrylate powder with polyester, and improves the saturated water absorption of polyester fabric by removing heat through moisture absorption. Komatsu serien company grafted silk compounds onto polyester fibers to produce water-absorbent and perspiration-wicking polyester. Xu Bi et al used nano-silica to finish cotton fabric and then reacted with dodecyltrimethoxysilane to make it hydrophobic. Eef Temmerman cotton yarn was treated by low temperature plasma discharge method to improve the capillary effect of cotton yarn. SoonCheon Cho et al. used a low-temperature plasma method to graft hexamethyldisiloxane onto cotton fabric to make it water repellent.
 
 
Development of 2. Moisture-wicking Fabric
 
1. Processing method of moisture wicking yarn
 
At present, there are two main types of yarns with the function of moisture absorption, perspiration and quick drying at home and abroad: simple yarns and composite yarns. Simple yarns can be divided into staple yarns and filament yarns depending on the type of fiber.
 
The processing methods include multi-fiber blending, cross-twisting and special finishing, etc. The development and application of yarns with good moisture absorption and moisture conductivity is an important way to develop moisture absorption and sweat-wicking, dry and cool fabrics.
 
(1) Blended yarn
 
The performance of the general moisture-conducting fiber is difficult to take into account the three properties of moisture absorption and moisture release, so that the fabric's moisture absorption and sweat quick-drying performance is restricted, therefore, the fiber with moisture absorption performance and the fiber with moisture release performance of the co-blended yarn is a simple and effective way to improve the dry comfort of the fabric.
 
(2) Intertwisted yarn
 
The single yarn or filament with different moisture absorption and release functions can be processed into and twisted yarn by twisting and twisting, and the yarn with moisture absorption, moisture conduction and moisture removal functions can be obtained. If the cotton fiber single yarn with moisture absorption and the Coolmax filament yarn with moisture-conducting and moisture-discharging properties are twisted into a composite yarn, a yarn with both moisture absorption, perspiration and quick-drying properties can be obtained.
 
(3) Multi-layer structure composite yarn
 
The use of different forms or types of fibers, the use of advanced spinning technology, so that the yarn presents a multi-layer structure distribution, is conducive to the performance of different components, and then achieve the goal of moisture absorption and quick drying.
 
2. Moisture-wicking fabric
 
Moisture-wicking fabric is to change the moisture absorption, transfer, moisture release and other properties of the fabric through fabric structure design or fiber modification, so that it has both water absorption and quick-drying properties. At present, the common fabrics with the function of moisture absorption, perspiration and quick drying are both knitted fabrics and organic fabrics, which can be divided into single-layer, double-layer and multi-layer fabrics according to their different structures.
 
With the rapid development of finishing technology, various functional fabrics have also emerged. The moisture-wicking and quick-drying finishing, which is born to meet the requirements of clothing moisture-heat comfort, solves the problems of sweat-wicking difficulty and sultry discomfort when the human body sweats by means of improving the transmission capacity of the fabric to sweat.
 
(1) Single layer single guide wet fabric
 
In the early research and development, the first consideration is the single-layer structure of the fabric, which is usually made of moisture-absorbing and quick-drying fibers.